Abu Yusuf
Rizky Amalia
Ya’qub bin Ibahim bin Habib bin Kunais bin
Saad Al- Ansari Al jalbi Al kufi Al bagdadi or Abu Yusuf born in Kuffah on 113 H and died in Baghdad on 182 H. From
nasab his mother has blood relationts with companions of the Prophet Muhammad, Saad Al-Ansari.
He served as the chief judge (qadi
al-qudat) during reign of Harun al-Rashid. His most famous work was Kitab
al-Kharaj, a treatise on taxation and fiscal problems of the state.
Biography
Abu Yusuf lived in Kufa and Baghdad, in
what is now Iraq, during the 8th century. His genealogy has been traced back to
Sa'd b. Habta, a youth in Medina in the time of the Prophet, and his birth date
is estimated based on his the date of his death to be around 113/729CE. Abu Yusuf lived in Kufa
until he was appointed Qadi in Baghdad. It is unclear whether he was appointed
by Mahdi, al-Hadi, or Harun al-Rashid. What is known is that Abu Yusuf became a
close acquaintance of Abbasid caliph, Harun al-Rashid, who eventually granted
him the title of Grand Qadi, or Qadi 'l-qudat; the first time such a title had
been conferred upon someone in Islamic history. Abu Yusuf held the position of
Grand Qadi until his death in 182/798CE.
Literary
Works
During his lifetime, Abu Yusuf created a
number of literary works on a range of subjects including Islamic
jurisprudence, international law, narrations of collected traditions (ahadith),
and others. The Kitāb al-Fihrist, a bibliographic compilation of books written in the
10th century by Ibn al-Nadim, mentions numerous titles authored by Abu Yusuf.
With one exception, none of these works listed in the Fihrist have survived.
The exception is his book entitled Kitāb al-Kharāj, a treatise on taxation and financial issues facing the empire
written at the request of the caliph, Harun al-Rashid. Kitab Ikhtilaf Abi
Hanifa wa Ibn Abi Layla is a comparison of the opinions between the legal
authorities, Abu Hanifa and Abu Layla. Kitab al-Radd ‘Ala Siyar al-Awza’i is a
"reasoned refutation with broad systematic developments," of the
opinions regarding the laws of war of the famous Syrian scholar, al-Awza’i.
List
of Works
Kitab al-Kharaj, his most famous work, is a
treatise on taxation and fiscal problems of the state prepared for the caliph.Usul
al-fiqh - the earliest known work of principles of Islamic jurisprudence. A
portion of his works were devoted to international law.[7][page needed] Kitab
al-Athar, a collection of traditions (ahadith) he narrated. Kitab Ikhtilaf Abi
Hanifa wa Ibn Abi Layla, one of the early works on comparative Fiqh Kitab
al-Radd ‘Ala Siyar al-Awza’i, a refutation of the famous Syrian jurist and tradition, al-Awza’i on the law
of war. These 3 books were published by Al Ihya Al Ma'arif an N'omaniya under
the guidance of Abul Wafa Al Afghani
